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Mesh, Bus, Ring, and Star are on the whole types of a topology. Each of these types of topology is used for specific net incomes but some net produces can uses whatever combination of the four. A engross topology has from each one station connected to the others. This mesh topology is more hard-fought to set up but provides a great deal of writ of execution and reliability. In a Mesh net if a segment of the ne iirk is broken, then the packet being sent result find an start route to its destination. Mesh are used in Wide part Networks (WANs) where reliability is important, this is used were the network is small. A bus network has a single cable that is the backbone of the system. Ethernet bus networks are relatively slow to install and do not require much cabling. Bus networks work best with a limited number of devices because if a cable fails the complete network effectively becomes unusable. Ring topologies, all the devices on the network are connected to a common ca ble, which loops from device to device. Ring networks are follow through in SONET and FDDI rings. Ring networks are very fast and simple network, nevertheless if any part of the ring goes down, the entire network is down. Star topology, each device has its own cable connecting the device to a common hub. The hub that is the substitution connection point of the network. A failure of a cable will only take down one device in the network and not the entire network but if the hub goes down the entire network is down. Star networks are easy to implement and extend, even in walloping networks, and failure of a non-central device will not have major effects on the functionality of the network. This is way many companies use Star networks. Topologies bear an important part of network design. With the understanding of each type of topology, any one can design and build their own netwokEthernet, Token Ring, FDDI, and tuner are all types of protocol. These are a set of rules that govern the confabulation between devices on the network. Ethernet is a protocol is the mostly widely used. The devices try to the cable before sending anything through the network. Ethernet uses a bus or star topology and data transfer rates of 10 Mbps (10Base-T Ethernet), degree Celsius Base-T (Fast Ethernet) and 1 gigabit (Gigabit Ethernet). Token Ring, all devices are connected in a ring or star topology where one bit or token is passing scheme, this to prevent the collision of data between two devices that want to send messages at the same time.